Which phrase best describes protected speech under the First Amendment?

Protected speech under the First Amendment is best described as "all speech, with certain exceptions." This phrase acknowledges the broad scope of the First Amendment's protection, which encompasses myriad forms of expression, including political speech, artistic expression, and commercial speech.

However, there are recognized exceptions where speech may be restricted. This includes categories such as obscenity, defamation, incitement to imminent lawless action, true threats, and fighting words. These exceptions exist because they can cause significant harm or disruption to society.

Understanding that while the First Amendment provides a strong foundation for free speech in the United States, it does allow for certain forms of regulation helps clarify the acceptable boundaries of protected speech. This distinction is critical in navigating the complexities of constitutional protections and understanding the legal landscape surrounding free expression.