Which amendment grants the right to petition the government?

The First Amendment is the correct choice because it specifically addresses several fundamental rights, including the freedom of speech, the freedom of the press, the right to assemble, and the right to petition the government for a redress of grievances. This amendment underscores the importance of allowing citizens to communicate their concerns and demands to their government without fear of retaliation or censorship, which is central to a functioning democracy.

Petitioning the government serves as a critical means for individuals and groups to express discontent, seek change, or advocate for certain policies. The inclusion of this right within the First Amendment highlights the framers' intent to protect individual liberties and ensure that the government remains accountable to its citizens.

The other amendments listed do not encompass the right to petition the government. The Third Amendment deals with the quartering of soldiers, the Fifth Amendment relates to rights in criminal proceedings, and the Tenth Amendment addresses states' rights and powers not delegated to the federal government. None of these amendments contribute to the framework of rights surrounding expression and petitioning established by the First Amendment.