Which amendment abolished slavery in the United States?

The 13th Amendment to the United States Constitution is specifically designed to abolish slavery and involuntary servitude, making it a landmark piece of legislation in the fight for human rights in America. Ratified in 1865, it states: "Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction." This amendment effectively eradicated the legal framework that allowed slavery to exist, marking a significant turning point in American history, especially in the context of the Civil War and the broader struggle for civil rights.

In contrast, the other amendments serve different purposes: the 10th Amendment reinforces the principle of federalism by reserving powers to the states; the 15th Amendment prohibits denying the right to vote based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude, and the 19th Amendment grants women the right to vote. Each of these amendments significantly contributes to civil rights but does not address the institution of slavery directly. Thus, the 13th Amendment is distinctly recognized for its role in abolishing slavery in the United States.