What is considered a "show of authority" by a police officer?

A "show of authority" by a police officer refers to actions that signal to the public that they are under the police's control or influence, particularly when these actions can invoke a sense of compliance or deterrence in an individual. Blocking an exit or path effectively demonstrates a clear police presence and communicates to individuals that they are not free to leave, thus signaling authority and control over the situation. This act can create a scenario where individuals may feel compelled to respond to the officer, which is central to the concept of a show of authority.

In contrast, using a conventional vehicle or conducting a routine patrol may reflect police presence, but these actions do not necessarily convey an immediate demand for compliance. Similarly, offering assistance can be seen as an invitation for cooperation rather than a demonstration of authority. Therefore, while all options exhibit forms of police interaction, blocking an exit or path most clearly indicates a show of authority, as it restricts movement and can compel individuals to engage with the officer.